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Nervous System - Part of Nervous System

What is Nervous System ?

The nervous system is one of the most complex systems in the human body, responsible for controlling and coordinating all bodily functions. It consists of the brain, spinal cord, and a network of nerves that run throughout the body. This system is critical for processing and responding to information from the environment and coordinating the activities of different organs.


Division of Nervous System

The nervous system can be divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS includes all the nerves that extend from the CNS to the rest of the body.


Central Nervous System

The brain is the control center of the nervous system and is responsible for interpreting and processing all the information received from the body and the environment. It also controls all the voluntary and involuntary functions of the body, such as breathing, heartbeat, and movement.


The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue that extends from the brainstem to the lower back. It serves as a pathway for transmitting information between the brain and the rest of the body.


Peripheral Nervous System

The PNS is further divided into two main parts: the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The SNS controls voluntary movements, such as walking and running, and is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the CNS. The ANS controls involuntary functions, such as digestion, heart rate, and blood pressure, and is further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.


Sympathetic And Parasympathetic Nervous System

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which prepares the body for physical activity or stress. It increases heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate, and redirects blood flow to the muscles. The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, is responsible for the "rest and digest" response, which slows down the body's functions and conserves energy.


Nerve Cell

Nerves are the building blocks of the nervous system, and they are responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. They are made up of specialized cells called neurons, which are able to transmit electrical and chemical signals to other neurons, muscles, and glands.


Parts of Neuron

Neurons have three main parts: the cell body, dendrites, and axons. The cell body contains the nucleus and other organelles, while dendrites are short branches that receive signals from other neurons. Axons are long, thin extensions that transmit signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands.


Disease Related To Nervous System

The nervous system is vulnerable to a wide range of disorders and diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. These conditions can cause a wide range of symptoms, such as memory loss, muscle weakness, and difficulty with movement and coordination.


conclusion

The nervous system is a complex and essential system that controls and coordinates all bodily functions. It is composed of the brain, spinal cord, and a network of nerves that run throughout the body. The nervous system is responsible for processing and responding to information from the environment and coordinating the activities of different organs. Understanding the nervous system and its functions is critical to maintaining good health and preventing disease.

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